Geraniol, also known as eucalypxin, is a natural organic substance, and geranylgeranyl has specific aromatic and bioactive properties, such as antibacterial and anti-inflammatory. It also has antitussive, analgesic and blood circulation improving properties.
The main methods used to prepare geranylgeranyl are distillation and solvent extraction. Distillation is the process of extracting the raw materials contained in geranylgeranyl by steam distillation, while solvent extraction is the process of extracting geranylgeranyl using organic solvents.
1. Studies have shown that diosmetin has a pressurising effect.
2. Diosmetin has obvious sensitising effect on the chemiluminescence of potassium ferricyanide-luminescence system. The test results show that the luminescence intensity increases 0.5 times after adding potassium ferricyanide solution into alkaline luminescence solution for 0.8S, and then decreases slowly after 3.85S;
3. Geranylgeranyl can be used for the production of functional foods, cosmetics and future drugs with antioxidant, anti-infectious and anti-shock effects. A natural flavonoid that inhibits the enzymatic activity of CYP1A in humans.
Geranylgeranyl is one of the natural flavonoids with strong antioxidant effects. The study of Zou Shujun et al. proved that geranylgeranyl has a certain scavenging effect on DPPH- and O2. Moreover, with the increase of concentration, the scavenging rate showed an increasing trend, i.e., a quantitative effect relationship. It was proved that geranylgeranyl lignans had the ability to scavenge DPPH- radicals and had strong antioxidant activity, and the activity was stronger than that of VitC.
Antimicrobial Effects
Geranylgeranyl significantly inhibited MRSA pyruvate kinase activity in a dose-dependent manner, which may lead to ATP deficiency, thereby affecting the bacterial jet pump and allowing geranylgeranyl to exert an inhibitory effect on MRSA.
Anti-tumour Effects
In the human mammary epithelial carcinoma cell line MCF-7 cells, treatment with diosmetin resulted in a dose- and time-dependent increase in cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) activity. Diosmetin increases transcripxion of the CYP1A1 gene by increasing the amount of CYP1A1 mRNA.
Diosmetin inhibited the proliferation of breast cancer MDA-MB468 cells and normal breast MCF-10a cells.MB468 cells were blocked in G1 phase. Diosmetin extracted from traditional Chinese medicine has anticancer activity.
In a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease (AD) with tau protein hyperphosphorylation and cognitive impairment, oral administration of geranylgeranyl reduced brain β-amyloid (Aβ) oligomer levels and increased inhibitory glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3β) phosphorylation, while selectively decreasing γ-secretase activity, Aβ denaturation, tau protein hyperphosphorylation, and microglial cells in vitro. pro-inflammatory effects in microglial cells in vitro. Therefore, Diosmetin is considered to have therapeutic effects in AD.
Ophthalmic Diseases
DNA damage and mitochondrial damage, decreased ROS levels, and increased intracellular GDH levels. Geranylgeranyl inhibited ADR-induced oxidative stress, DNA damage, and mitochondrial damage in ARPE-19 cells, decreased ROS levels, increased intracellular GDH levels, and markedly reversed ADR-induced Bcl-2 protein expression in ARPE-19 cells. Thus, geranylgeranylpurelline may protect vision by reducing DNA damage and apopxosis caused by oxidative stress in ARPE-19 cells through antioxidant effects.
Liver Diseases
Geranyl lignans from citrus fruits have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. In a mouse model of frog toxin-induced acute pancreatitis (AP), pretreatment with geraniol significantly reduced serum amylase and lipase levels, and geraniol may be a new therapeutic agent for AP. In vitro, geranylgeranyl can scavenge free radicals. Therefore, by inhibiting NF-κB signalling through antioxidant effects, reducing inflammatory mediators and cytokines, and inhibiting hepatocyte apopxosis, geranylgeranyl has a protective effect against endotoxin-induced acute liver failure in mice.
Acute lung injury (ALI)
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is a common clinical syndrome of diffuse pulmonary inflammation characterised by high morbidity, mortality and limited treatment opxions. Due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, geranylgeranyl has been considered as an active ingredient in herbal medicine.
Renal Diseases
Geranylgeranyl attenuates histopathological changes in the lungs through anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects as well as triggering different signalling pathways to alleviate respiratory disorders such as EMT, bronchial asthma and lung injury.
Founded in 2014, Sanyi Chemical has 300 to 350 employees. The company integrates production, sales and service. It focuses on plant extracts, active ingredient monomers, plant powders, natural fruit and vegetable powders, and is dedicated to plant extracts. It is a professional company in R&D and production. Strong technical force, annual output of 500 tonnes, product specifications and stable quality.
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